Archive for the ‘Writing Tips’ Category

The Gift of a Wedding Roast

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This weekend I went to Massachusetts for the wedding of a dear friend of mine.  It was the only wedding ceremony I’ve ever been to where I laughed until I cried for part of it, and simply cried for the rest.  I was deeply moved by the love between this couple, and by the sentiments of their close friends and family who were given an opportunity to share during the ceremony.

Between traveling and spending time with friends, I did not have much of an opportunity to craft a blog article.  I did, however, write something very important:  a rhyming wedding toast/roast.  I thought I would share it with you, if nothing else as an example of how to tell a story in a short space.  As you read, pay attention to what details are shared, what is left to the imagination, and how connections are drawn between earlier and later couplets.

I acknowledge my father, who is no longer with us in body, but who inspired me by his example to write poems such as these.  Here’s the toast/roast, a bit about what transpired from sharing it, and a few things you might learn from my experience.

 

Wedding Toast/Roast – September 25, 2011

 

At DNE Camp, a story began

Of Leslie (our bride) and Gary (our man).

They met at a table across from each other,

(Leslie freed up from her duties as mother)

And gazed, and gazed, and gazed some more.

Then brought their flirtations onTO the dance floor.

 

They danced, and they talked…  for hours they flirted…

This bond that they had just could not be averted.

But no matter how well she and Gary were matched,

Leslie preferred to stay unattached.

This line gave the couple a fairly fine start:

“You CAN have my body but NEVER my heart.”

 

But Gary was sure there was still more to gain.

They rendezvoused once on a Turnpike in Maine

And yes, since that meeting 15 years ago,

A lot has transpired…  as many here know.

There were moves, there were moods, there were protests and OH

There were bondings with dogs – the world’s cutest, you know.

 

A year’s separation, and a new job for Gary,

All served to bring forth the real chance they would marry.

An engagement took shape, and a life more entwined.

It seems that for union this pair was designed.

And I hear Bucket’s heart shouting “Never say never!”

‘Cause Gary’s sure got it…  forever.

[Note:  "Bucket" is Gary's nickname for Leslie; capitalized letters indicate emphasis]

Unexpected Results

I read this poem to a crowd of 125 wedding guests, and had a lot of people ask me about what I do for a living.  One long-time acquaintance asked me if I wrote the poem myself, surprised to find out that I was a writer!  I had the opportunity to share about my resume writing, jokingly telling one of the wedding guests that I write rhyming resumes.

I let people know about my more creative resumes, including one that was nominated for a TORI Award in the Best Creative Resume Category.  One wedding guest asked for my card, telling me she was interested in hiring me to help both her and her husband with their resumes.  Another guest has a daughter applying to college, and was thrilled to meet an “Essay Expert” who offers help with personal statements for college!

 

The Gift of Creative Expression

I wrote this wedding poem because I love my friend Gary and had a TON of fun writing and reading it.  Not once did it cross my mind that the poem would lead to business.  Yet that’s exactly what it did.  The experience reminds me that by being yourself, by giving, and by sharing who you are with others, you can obtain unexpected results.

Whether you are a business person or a job seeker, keep putting yourself out there and giving your gifts.  If you have a story to tell, tell it.  You never know who might be listening.

I invite you to share any wedding toasts or roasts you have written you are particularly proud of…  or to share an experience of getting an unexpected result just by being/sharing yourself.

What makes you shudder? And what are your commitments?

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Grammar Geeks

I belong to a LinkedIn group called Grammar Geeks, where one of the most popular discussions right now, with 269 comments, is “What Makes You Shudder?”  Each of these 269 entries contains someone’s comment (or more often complaint) about a grammar gaffe.

At first I was interested in some of the conversations…  but quickly, the conversation itself was the thing making me shudder.  In fact, I began to shudder each time another member of the group posted a complaint.  Even the word “shudder” began to make me shudder!

from toonpool.com

My shuddering at the shuddering forced me to look at my own way of being around grammatical errors.  Do people shudder when I let them know I am shuddering?

A Turning Point for The Essay Expert

At Unleash the Power Within, the Tony Robbins seminar I attended recently, I discovered multiple errors in the handouts we were given.  Believing I could make a contribution, I brought some of these errors to the attention of one of the staff.  This man pointed out, quite correctly, that the errors certainly did not prevent people from signing up for programs – in particular the ones that cost $10,000.

“Why do you care so much about this?” he asked.  “Why is your focus on finding things that are wrong?” And “What would like be like if you started finding things right?”

I took his comment seriously, and perhaps it was the corresponding self-reflection that had me shuddering at the relentless list of grammar complaints populating the Grammar Geeks conversation.

A Shudder-Free Life?  Finding my Commitment

Have I stopped shuddering at the things that have traditionally made me shudder?  Well, no.  But I am putting more attention on my commitment to effective expression in the world.

I am also considering that there are bigger problems in the world to shudder about if I want to shudder – like the way we treat our environment, and the failures of our mental health system, and the hunger that still exists in the world side by side with opulence.

And I still care deeply about clarity in writing and other verbal expression.  My job is to help people and companies say what they want to say, powerfully and precisely.  When I write, or when I edit someone else’s writing, I care that the final result is moving, compelling, and result-producing.

Often grammatical correctness is required to produce an intended result.  An error in a resume, cover letter, or college application can be the difference between acceptance or rejection, an interview or no interview.  It can change someone’s life – maybe someone who is destined to find a cure for cancer, or discover new treatments for mental illness, or advocate for environmental issues (I have worked with people doing all of these things).

As for the shudderers, I believe there is something to be gained from acceptance.  Not everyone will write or speak perfectly all the time, and I can accept them for who they are rather than putting distance between us with a shudder.  I think I’ll listen for the meaning of their words instead.  Because even with a grammatical error or two, I can hear what people are saying loud and clear.

Check out this Phrasal Verb Breakdown! Workout or Work Out? Signup or Sign Up? Your Questions Answered.

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This weekend, I had the pleasure of staying in the Hilton Garden Inn in Schaumburg, Illinois.  On the bedside table was a pamphlet entitled, “In-Room Comfort Guide.” I happily read about the superlatively comfy bed and pillow I was to sleep on and the ergonomic chair I would sit in while working on my laptop.  Then I turned to the back page of the pamphlet, where it said:

Workout in the comfort of your own room.Hotel Workout

“Do they mean for ‘workout’ to be a noun or a verb?” I asked myself.  “Do they mean, ‘Get a workout in the comfort of your own room’ or does the Hilton have editors who do not know that workout is a noun, not a verb?”

As I read on, I came to the conclusion that the Hilton’s editors have a few things to learn about grammar.  The first sentence of the paragraph under the headline says:

Workout in the comfort of your own guestroom when you check-out our complimentary Stay Fit Kit ® from the front desk.

Oh my!  Not only did the editors miss the fact that the verb to “work out” is TWO words (known as a PHRASAL VERB), but they also did not realize that “check out” should be TWO words!  You would think that editors working for a HOTEL would know that check-out is the noun for what you do when you check out (verb) of a hotel.

Gearing Up with More Phrasal Verbs!

“Work out” and “check out” are just two examples of phrasal verbs that many people get mixed up.  One of my pet peeves is a phrase you might see often on websites, “Signup Here” or “Sign-Up Here.”  “Sign up” (TWO words) is a PHRASAL VERB like “work out” and “check out.”  “Sign-up” or “Signup” is the noun for the act of signing up.  E.g., “The sign-up table is down the hall to your right.”

Other examples of PHRASAL VERBS are:

Break out (noun:  breakout)

Stand out (adjective:  standout)

Take off (noun:  takeoff or take-off)

Make up (noun:  make-up)

Count down (noun:  countdown)

Break down (noun:  breakdown)

Group on (noun:  Groupon) – Just Kidding!!!

Foul up (noun:  foul-up) – Get where I’m going here?

Dear readers, here’s the point:  Just because there is a word in existence that glues the two parts of a phrasal verb together does NOT mean that you can glue those two words together and have the result still be a verb!  If you want to use a verb plus a preposition (up, down, on, off, etc.) as a verb, keep a space between the two parts of the verb.  Do NOT stick them together or you will end up with a noun or possibly an adjective.  You can do better than those Hilton editors, can’t you?

If you have questions or more examples of phrasal verbs that people tend to get confused with their corresponding adjective or noun phrase, please share below!

If it was me, Mr. President, I’d Get a Grammar Lesson.

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I have been thinking for some time that I would like to write a blog on the subjunctive.  One of my blog followers, an astute man named Gabe, was kind enough to give me fodder for bringing this topic to the top of my list.

For the second time in The Essay Expert’s blogging history, I turn to President Obama’s grammar bloopers.  The first was his incorrect use of “tenant” when he meant “tenet” in his speech following the Tucson shootings (The President Makes Grammatical Errors Too!). This week I’m pointing to Obama’s statement about the texting transgressions of Congressman Weiner.

Obama’s Grammatical ErrorPresident Obama's Grammatical Errors

Said the President, according to many news sources, “If it was me, I’d resign.”

I won’t spend a lot of time explaining that a more proper structure of this sentence would have been, “If it were me, I’d resign.”  Put simply, this is a conditional statement, speaking about an event that is not sure to happen and that did not definitively happen.  Any time you see the word “if” in a sentence, watch out for the subjunctive.  The correct verb form is most likely “were.” A good explanation of the subjunctive can be found on EnglishClub.com.

I also won’t spend a lot of time harping on the fact that the President used the incorrect form of the pronoun “me.” The truly correct phrasing would have been, “If it were I, I would resign.” Note that “I” is a subject pronoun.  But who really talks like that?

Meet The Press To Quote or Not to Quote?

What interests me most is the way the press handled the situation.  You might remember that when the President said “tenant” instead of “tenet” in his Tucson shooting speech, the transcription of his speech corrected his error.  In the Weiner situation the press went to bat for Obama again — but not universally.  I’ve created a snapshot of press coverage of the issue below.

[Challenge to reader:  How many double entendres can you find in the body of this article? If you find one, report it in the comments!]

The New York Times

Michael Barbaro of The New York Times covered up (or worked around) the President’s grammatical errors as follows in his article, Obama Suggests Weiner Should Resign:

President Obama told NBC News that if he were in Representative Anthony D. Weiner’s position, “I would resign,” according to a senior network executive.

Fox

In contrast, Fox quoted Obama word for word in their article, Obama Says He Would Resign in Weiner’s Position:

“I can tell you that if it was me, I would resign,” Obama told Ann Curry in an interview scheduled to air Tuesday on NBC’s “Today.”

How many times do you think that one got tweeted?

Youtube/Hollyscoop.com

Hollyscoop.com, in the midst of making references to porn star names, fixed the subjunctive issue on its youtube video report, but did not touch the improper pronoun:

Now the President is saying, “I can tell you that if it were me I’d resign…”

Maybe these folks need a grammar lesson too.

Pundit Press

Pundit Press left the error waving in the wind, both in the title and body of its article:

Title:

PRESIDENT OBAMA: “If it was me, I would resign.”

Body:

Obama did not call for the resignation of Anthony Weiner, but did say, ”I can tell you that if it was me, I would resign.”

CNN

Finally, CNN’s article by Ashley Killough maintains picture perfect grammatical integrity in its headline, Obama On Weiner:  ‘I Would Resign’, but exposes Obama’s actual wording in the text:

(CNN) — President Barack Obama told NBC’s Ann Curry in an interview to air on Tuesday’s “Today,” that if he were in Rep. Anthony Weiner’s shoes, he would leave Congress.

 

“I can tell you that if it was me, I would resign,” Obama said.

 

Grammatically correct or not, Obama’s opinion surely had an impact.  Weiner has stepped down, probably due to the uncovering of his lies more than anything else.

If you were a reporter, how would you have handled Obama’s grammatical error?  And why did Clinton survive his sex scandal, whereas Weiner was trampled?  The Christian Science Monitor has shed some light on this question in its article, Why Democrats turned on Anthony Weiner, but not Bill Clinton.

I suppose we can all be comforted that no one (even The Essay Expert) will push for politicians to step down due to grammatical transgressions.

3 Grammatical Errors and Funnies from DollarsandSense Coupon Flyer!

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Magazines and flyers are constant sources of grammatical errors and other interesting blog material for The Essay Expert.  This week I’m writing just a few examples of what I found in the ads populating a recent Madison’s DollarsandSense coupon flyer.  These examples are good reminders to pay attention to your writing!

1.  Ad for ChoreCare (www.ChoreCareMadison.com)

Original text:  “All jobs & work is customized to meet your needs.”

Commentary:  Jobs & work are two things and the verb should therefore be plural.

Correction:  All jobs & work are customized to meet your needs.

This error is very common and I find myself making it more often than I’d like to admit.  A few days ago, I wrote, regarding the improvement to one of my client’s resumes:  The other bullets show his success on both the artistic and strategic side of marketing.

I quickly caught my error and changed “side” to “sides,” since I was talking about two sides – plural!

What makes this one slippery is that in speech, we often do not distinguish between the singular and plural in situations such as the ones above.  I see this as another example of purist vs. progressive language (see Top 10 Obsolete Grammar Rules – by Steven Sawyer).

Whether you are a purist or a progressive on this one, I encourage you to pay attention and make a choice, rather than make a blind potential error.  Please share if you find yourself challenged by this issue!

2.  Ad for Mother Nature’s Diaper Service, Inc.


Original text:  “Reserve a Pre-birth Delivery Date Today!”

(click for full size ad)

Commentary:  Is this line an intentional joke?  It seems the writers might be unaware that they have made a pun on “Delivery Date.” How can there be a pre-birth delivery [of a baby]?  OH…  a *diaper* delivery.  I get it.

Is it just me, or does pre-birth remind you of afterbirth (the placenta and fetal membranes that are normally expelled from the uterus after the birth of the baby) — now that’s something I don’t want delivered to my door!  I just don’t like the phrase “Pre-birth Delivery” at all, even if it was intended to be clever, which I’m not convinced it was.

My suggested correction:  Reserve a Diaper Delivery Date Today!

Now that’s cute, and it plays well on the word “Delivery” without being downright perplexing.

3.  Ad for Sierra Concepts, LLC Basement Waterproofing Specialists

Original text:  “$50 OFF Crack Injections”

Commentary:  I realize “crack injection” is a trade term, but really!  Am I the only one who immediately calls up an image of desolate streets and needles and crazed looking drug addicts?

My suggested correction:  $50 OFF Basement Crack Repair.

Boring, maybe.  But it gets the point across safely.

 

What are your favorite examples of incorrect or funny ads?  Please share them here!

How to Avoid Embarrassing Editing Marks on Your Documents! MS Word’s Track Changes Program

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Ever get a document back from an editor that has tons of red or blue lines (maybe even some green ones), and have no idea how to get rid of them all, or view the document the way it’s supposed to look?  This article is for you!

[Thanks to Larry Sochrin, MBA Admissions Consultant at The Essay Expert, for contributing instructions for Mac users.]

Tracked Changes

Don't Submit a Document that Looks Like This!

Why I Love Track Changes

Microsoft Word has a very useful feature called “Track Changes” that keeps track of changes that an editor makes to a document, and allows subsequent readers to see what changes were made.  When the “Track Changes” feature is turned on, anyone who opens the document can see every change made to the original document, whether to fonts, page formats, margins, and text.

Track Changes also has a “Comments” feature that allows explanations and suggestions to be entered in the margins of your document.

The value of Track Changes to me as an editor is that my clients can see what I’ve changed, and I can see the changes they make.  I do not then have to go through their resume word by word to see what alterations have occurred.  It’s also easy to accept or reject changes, without having to change individual fonts or colors.  Gone are the days of manually inserting a strikethrough to indicate a deletion!

The Dangers of Track Changes

Track Changes can be troublesome too. You don’t want to send a document with lots of red lines and bubbles all over it to an employer or a school (many people have embarrassing stories of doing this)! The recipient then sees all the suggestions, changes, and possibly the original language and mistakes that needed changing.

As part of proofreading and preparing the final draft of a resume, cover letter, or essay, take the following steps to ensure that you do not inadvertently send a marked up copy to an employer:

Directions for MS Word 2007/2010

Review Tab

Review Tab

1)  Check to see if there are any comments or tracked changes in the document:

  • Go to the “Review” tab and click on the window that says “Final Showing Markup.”  Go to the “Show Markup” menu and make sure there are check marks in all the boxes (otherwise you might not see the comments or formatting changes when you look at “Final Showing Markup”)
  • NOTE:  If the window says “Final” and you do not see any redlines, this does not mean they are gone!  Make sure you are viewing the markups before determining that your document is clean.

2)  If you do not see any changes or comments and you do not make any other changes to the document, you’re good to go.

3)  However, if you do see comments and tracked changes, you can do one of two things:

  1. Change “Final: Show Markup” to “Final” and save the final document as a PDF. This solution works if the place you’re submitting your resume accepts .pdf files.
  2. Accept all the tracked changes and delete all edits and comments (unless you only want to accept some of them, in which case see step 4).  NOTE:  You need to delete edits SEPARATELY from comments!
  • Under the “Review” tab, go to “Accept” icon and accept all changes.
  • Under the “Review” tab, go to the icon that says “Delete” (next to the “New Comment” icon, and click “Delete All Comments in Document.”

4)  If you want to accept some changes and delete others, you can accept or reject changes and comments one at a time by right clicking on them individually. You will get a drop-down menu with choices of what to do.

5)  Repeat Step 1.

Directions for MS Word 2008 for Mac

Track Changes MS Word for Mac

1)  Check to see if there are any comments or tracked changes in the document:

Go to the “View” menu and Select “Toolbars,” and within it select “Reviewing.”  Go to the “Show” drop-down menu and make sure there are check marks next to the first three items shown  (otherwise you might not see the comments or formatting changes when you look at “Final Showing Markup.”)

2)  If you do not see any changes or comments and you do not make any other changes to the document, you’re good to go.

3)  However, if you do see comments and tracked changes, you can do one of two things:

1. Change “Final: Show Markup” to “Final” and save the final document as a PDF. This solution works if the place you’re submitting your resume accepts .pdf files.

2. Accept all the tracked changes and delete all edits and comments (unless you only want to accept some of them, in which case see step 4).  NOTE:  You need to delete edits SEPARATELY from comments!

Go to the drop-down menu with the green checkmark, and select “Accept All Changes in Document.”

Go to the drop-down menu with the red X, and select “Delete All Comments in Document.”

4)  If you want to accept some changes and delete others, you can accept or reject changes and comments one at a time by clicking on the icons with the left arrow or right arrow to move to the previous or next change and then click on the drop-down menus with the green checkmark or red X to  accept or reject each individually.

5)  Repeat Step 1.

 

Directions for MS Word 2003

1)  Check to see if there are any comments or tracked changes in the document.

  • Go to the “View” Menu and click on the “Markup” option. This feature can be switched on or off.  On the Reviewing toolbar, click Show, and then make sure that a check mark appears next to each of the following items. If a check mark does not appear next to an item, click the item to select it.
  1. Comments
  2. Ink Annotations (Word 2003 only)
  3. Insertions and Deletions
  4. Formatting
  5. Reviewers (Point to Reviewers and make sure that All Reviewers is selected.)
  • When on, you will see all the comments and changes. When off, you will see the document in its final form. Note:  the default setting may be set to off. Therefore, never assume your final Word document does not contain any hidden comments or changes!!!

2)  Get rid of all the redlines and comments (you must delete edits and comments separately).  Do this on one of two ways:

  1. Turn off the View Markup option and convert the final form of the document into a PDF.  You can use a program such as Primo PDF (http://www.primopdf.com/).
  2. In the View menu, point to Toolbars, and then click Reviewing.
  • On the Reviewing toolbar, click Next to advance from one revision or comment to the next. Click Accept Change or Reject Change/Delete Comment for each revision or comment. Repeat until all the revisions in the document have been accepted or rejected and all the comments have been deleted.

OR

  • To accept all the changes, click the arrow next to Accept Change, and then click Accept All Changes in Document. If you know that you want to reject all the changes, click the arrow next to Reject Change/Delete Comment, and then click Reject All Changes in Document.
  • THEN, to remove ALL comments, click the arrow next to Reject Change/Delete Comment, and then click Delete All Comments in Document.
  • If you want to accept SOME changes and delete others, you can accept or reject changes and comments one at a time by right clicking on them individually. You will get a drop-down menu with choices of what to do.

3)  Repeat Step 1.

Important notes for all versions of Word:

  1. If you accept all changes before reviewing the document and there is a comment in the middle of your document like “(dates?)” then that change will be accepted and become a part of your document! Make sure you respond to all questions and make any revisions needed inside your document before accepting all changes.
  2. *ALWAYS* proofread your final document at least 3 times!  As much as The Essay Expert and other editors attempt to ensure that your documents are perfect, final approval is ultimately your responsibility.
  3. If you don’t want all your future edits to show up as marked on your document, turn Track Changes off by clicking on it.  It’s a toggled function.  Click it on, click it off.
  4. Finally, when you receive an edited document, whenever possible accept or reject the changes before making your own edits!  This practice will make it much easier to look at the NEW edits you have made to the document.

Have Track Changes questions?  Embarrassing Track Changes stories?  Please share in the Comments below!

Where Should I put my Quotation Marks? Slate Magazine and the Rise of “Logical Punctuation”.

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On May 12, 2011, not one, but TWO of my friends and colleagues pointed me toward an article in Slate Magazine entitled, “The Rise of Logical Punctuation”. In the article, author Ben Yagoda explores the nuances of where to place periods and commas within quotations (inside or outside the quotation marks?).  Not long ago, I wrote an article touching upon much the same topic:  The Quandary of Quotation Marks (“ “).  My conclusion was that the British are much more logical than we are in the U.S., following the rule that punctuation goes inside the quotation marks only when it is part of the quotation.  How simple is that?  And yet I continue to follow the U.S. protocol.Slate Magazine

Slate Magazine itself, as well as The New York Times and the Washington Post, follow AP guidelines and put periods and commas inside the quotation marks.  But Yagoda references a Twitter post by Conan O’Brien, a Wikipedia entry on Frank Sinatra, and the website Pitchfork, all of which follow the British way, with periods and commas lying outside the quotation marks.  He also relates that his students largely refuse to follow the traditional U.S. rules even when they know they will be penalized for doing so.  I highly recommend taking a look at his article for an interesting exploration of why we choose to punctuate the way we do.

Last week my blog explored the distinction between grammar purists and progressives in Steven Sawyer’s guest article, Top 10 Obsolete Grammar Rules.  It looks like we can add number 11.  According to Yagoda, despite the Chicago Manual of Style’s adherence to the traditional style, we may be fast on our way to an obsolete punctuation rule – another feast for progressives.  As Yagoda claims, “A punctuation paradigm is shifting.”  Note:  even under the “new” rules, or the “new normal,” the period belongs inside those quotation marks because it was indeed part of the original sentence in Yagoda’s article.  Crystal clear, right?

By the way, “new normal” was the phrase chosen as “Cliche of the Week” last week by Chris Pash in his blog.

Do you choose to follow the progressive “new normal” when it comes to quotation marks?  Or will you remain a purist?  So far I’m sticking with the old fashioned way, but I feel a possible change erupting.

Top 10 Obsolete Grammar Rules – by Guest Blogger Steven Sawyer

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Article by Steven Sawyer. Edited by Brenda Bernstein, The Essay Expert

Following The Essay Expert’s post about using the “singular they,” some writers in one of my LinkedIn groups were talking about breaking English grammar rules. Several of us spent a few hours discussing the merits, or de-merits, of using “they” as a singular pronoun. We were essentially divided into two camps:  purists, who would never break a time-honored English grammar rule, and progressives, who know all the rules – and delight in breaking them.  By the end of the heated discussion, purists were still purists and progressives remained progressive.

Purists love the predictability of our language and the grammar rules that govern it. They still remember how to diagram a sentence.  They can spot a dangling modifier at 50 yards and pick out a subject-verb agreement error faster than you can say “comma splice.” If you went to their houses you might find that they iron their underwear and alphabetize the canned foods in their pantry. (I know a couple of purists who do that.)

Progressives, on the other hand, believe that breaking rules connects writers with the masses, who stopped thinking about grammar rules decades ago. (If you don’t believe me just ask any passerby to locate the verb in a sentence.)

Just last year, a group of Ivy League English language purists lobbied to have “Thou shalt not break English grammar rules” added as the 11th commandment. But language mavens, dictionary writers and even influential linguists are relaxing many writing standards. Some experts are equating this usage shift to the Great Vowel Shift that took place in England in the 15th century.

So, my Purist grammar friends, what will you do? Will you suck it up and go with the changes in the language as they evolve?  Or are you determined to maintain pristine prose? It’s really okay if purists remain purists. I believe they’ll dwindle over time until they become an extinct species, but they do have their place in our culture today.

Purists, here’s what you’re going to have to swallow if you want to keep pace with our ever changing language.

Top 10 Obsolete Or Seldom Enforced Grammar Rules

  1. Don’t split infinitives. Who would want to shamelessly do that anyway?
  2. Active voice verbs are preferable to passive voice verbs. I will never part with this one. I have encrypted this rule in my memory’s hard drive. Passive voice will forever be stricken from my writing. That makes me a purist for this rule only.
  3. Never start a sentence with “And” or “But.” And why not? It gets easier every time you do it. See 5th paragraph, second sentence.
  4. Never start a sentence with “There is” or “There are.” There are many occasions when starting a sentence with “There is” or “There are” is perfectly acceptable. Boring, perhaps, but acceptable. E.g., There is more Canadian bacon in the United States than in Canada. It would be difficult to change the wording in that sentence without starting with “There is”.
  5. Never end a sentence with a preposition. Now that’s a rule we can all live without.
  6. Always use “more than” instead of “over” with numbers. Okay. Whatever. Math’s not my gig. But truly, either one is acceptable use today. So, purists, get over it.
  7. Data is plural, so the verb must always be plural. So data is what data does? Or data are what data do? If they say so. Anyone with a good ear for English knows the answer to this one.
  8. Don’t start a sentence with “This.” The grammar gurus now say that you can start a sentence with “This.”  But (Ooops, there I go, breaking rule 3. See how easy that was?)  I believe that [practice] is okay and this [guideline] is perfectly acceptable.
  9. Don’t use “free” as an adjective.  E.g., “Can I get that laptop free?”  Nay, nay, writing comrades. That’s purist speak. Feel free to use “for free.” E.g., “Can I get that laptop for free?”
  10. Don’t use “fun” as an adjective.  You purists make me giddy.  You’ve always used “fun” as a noun.  E.g., “We had fun at the game today.” But we progressives like to use it as an adjective. “It was a fun weekend reunion with my family.”

English is an evolving language. A new word gets added to the language every 98 minutes, according to the Global Language Monitor. That’s 14.7 words per day.  As words get added, usage rules undergo changes as well. Will you adopt the new “rules” of grammar? Your answer determines which camp you’re in.

Steven Sawyer is a blogger, author, editor and online English teacher and writing consultant.  Read his blog at http://stevensawyer.wordpress.com/.

Common Application Institutes Word Limit for College Application Essays

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Preview of Common Application Available Now!Common Application Form

Although the Common Application for college applications will not officially be available until August 1, commonapp.org has made a preview available so that on-the-ball upcoming seniors can get a head start on planning their application content.  The Common App Preview, complete with highlighted new or noteworthy information, is available now.

There are several changes to the Common Application form since last year, including the addition of 48 new colleges and universities.  College consultant Nancy Griesemer  has already written about them quite eloquently, so I will not detail all the changes. I invite you to read her article, The Common Application Shares Changes for Next Year.

Implications for the College Admissions Essay

My particular interest is the essay portion of the application, and so it is pertinent to me that although the Common Application essay topic choices have not changed, the suggested length of the essay has.  Students are now requested to write 250-500 words on their chosen topic.

Two hundred fifty to five hundred words?  That’s one short essay!  You may think initially, “Great!  Less to write!” But in actuality, it is harder to write a short essay than a long one.  I have pointed this phenomenon out and provided a few essay-shortening tips in a prior blog article, Cutting Your Writing Down to Size.  I encourage you to read it!

Phrases to Eliminate from your College Application Essay

If you are gearing up to write a 250-500 word college application essay, make sure to get clear about your priorities.  Don’t make the mistake of spending precious words or phrases like the following:

Boring Writing puts man to sleep

Boring writing puts man to sleep

“As I sat down to write this essay…” or

“I will always remember the time when…” or

“I was fortunate to have the opportunity to…”

YAWN!!

Look…  you simply don’t have space to burn with such extraneous material.  Eliminate it, and focus, focus, focus.

To help in the process of planning and writing your essay, read my series on specific essay topics, which you will receive as part of your subscription if you sign up for my College Admissions topic list.  You can sign up HERE.

Note:  Another change to be aware of is that the short answer questions will be limited by characters (1000) instead of words (150).  Again, crafting pointed, clear answers is paramount.

If you want highly personalized assistance with your college application essays, contact The Essay Expert for your FREE 15-minute consultation and to work with one of our Ivy League educated consultants.  We will make sure you have the best possible chance of getting in to the college of your choice.

Common Writing Errors: Parallel Construction, Sentence Fragments

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In November 2010, InternsOver40, a popular job-search site for older job seekers, published an article entitled Bobby’s Rant, Rave & Whatever: “Less is More?” internsover40

The second paragraph begins as follows: “Over the years I have ranted  to many of my close friends ”that in my worst day I have more than 98% of the world.” Those people who live on less than $68 dollars a month(yes month).” [sic]

While I like the sentiment of this article, I am compelled to rant about its writing style.  First, there are small formatting issues like the extra space between “ranted” and “to,” and the lack of a space prior to “(yes month).”  That’s just a tiny little rant.

Did you Understand That Sentence?  Parallel Construction

More notably there’s the sentence, “In my worst day I have more than 98% of the world.”  Do you see the ambiguity here?  Honestly when I first read the sentence I did not understand it.  I thought the author was saying he had in his possession some percentage of the world.  Upon second or third reading, I realized he meant that he had more than does 98% of the world – or that he has more than 98% of the world has.

On a basic level, the problem here is parallel construction.  Lack of parallel construction is an issue that plagues many writers, and that takes the sense out of sentences.  In my article about correlative conjunctions, I addressed the issue of parallel construction when using conjunctions such as “both” and “and” in a sentence.  If you read that article, you learned that the phrases after the correlative conjunctions “both” and “and” must be the same part of speech, e.g. “He likes both running and swimming.”  The same idea applies here.

Take the following sentence.  How would you interpret its meaning?I like coffee more than my husband - parallel construction

I like coffee more than my husband.

Read grammatically, this sentence would imply that given a choice between coffee and her husband, the writer would choose coffee.  And although we might be able to cut corners in our spoken communications, it doesn’t work in writing.

Now read:

I like coffee more than does my husband.

OR

I like coffee more than my husband likes it.

OR

I like coffee more than my husband does.

These versions are looking much better for the husband.

To write an unambiguous sentence, we need to look at the two things being compared to ensure they are really the things we want to compare! “I like coffee more than my husband” has nouns (coffee, husband) as the compared objects, so “coffee” is compared against “my husband.”  “I like coffee more than does my husband” has verbs as the compared objects (like, does) so we are comparing degrees of the verb “like.”  And “I like coffee more than my husband likes it” again compares verbs (like, likes).

Sentence Fragments

You may also have noticed that the last sentence in the InternsOver40 paragraph is not a sentence.  It reads, “Those people who live on less than $68 dollars a month(yes month).”

You can probably spot a sentence fragment when you see one.  Sometimes sentence fragments can be used to stylistic advantage, but I don’t think this particular fragment was effective, especially considering the multitude of other errors in the paragraph.

If you are concerned, as I am, about what a major job seeking resource like InternsOver40 is teaching job seekers about how to write, please share your concern with them.  I personally would like to see InternsOver40 post well-written, well-edited articles that will give candidates tools to shine in their written presentation.

Do you have a question about how to keep your sentence structure parallel?  Or about whether a sentence is a sentence fragment?  I’d love to listen to and answer your questions.  Please share your comments below.

Image courtesy Damian Cugley CC BY-SA 2.0